How is this calculated?

A team is counted as still in it for a given target (the title, a top place, staying up) when at least one set of results for the matches left would get it there, taking into account that its rivals also play each other. It is counted as sure only when no set of results can take it away. Teams level on points are treated cautiously while matches remain: level is enough to stay in, never enough to be sure, because goal difference and the other tie-breaks are only applied once the season is over. Points deductions are included as published in the league table.

Botafogo led the Brasileirão after matchday 16 of 2023.

With 40 points, they were 10 ahead of Grêmio. Nothing was decided mathematically on this matchday.

Results

Date	Home	Score	Away
22 Jul	Palmeiras	3–1	Fortaleza
22 Jul	Flamengo	1–1	América Mineiro
22 Jul	Bahia	0–0	Corinthians
22 Jul	Cuiabá	2–1	São Paulo
23 Jul	Grêmio	1–0	Atlético Mineiro
23 Jul	Cruzeiro	0–1	Goiás
23 Jul	Santos	2–2	Botafogo
23 Jul	Red Bull Bragantino	0–0	Internacional
23 Jul	Vasco da Gama	0–2	Athletico Paranaense
24 Jul	Coritiba	2–0	Fluminense

Table after matchday 16

Pos.	Team	Played	Goal diff.	Points	Max.	Title
1	Botafogo	16	+19	40	106	In it
2	Grêmio	16	+5	30	96	In it
3	Flamengo	16	+9	28	94	In it
4	Palmeiras	16	+14	28	94	In it
5	Athletico Paranaense	16	+4	26	92	In it
6	São Paulo	16	+7	25	91	In it
7	Fluminense	16	+5	25	91	In it
8	Red Bull Bragantino	16	+6	25	91	In it
9	Fortaleza	16	+2	23	89	In it
10	Internacional	16	-3	23	89	In it
11	Cruzeiro	16	+4	22	88	In it
12	Cuiabá	16	-2	22	88	In it
13	Atlético Mineiro	16	+3	21	87	In it
14	Corinthians	16	-5	17	83	In it
15	Santos	16	-7	17	83	In it
16	Goiás	16	-11	15	81	In it
17	Bahia	16	-8	14	80	In it
18	Coritiba	16	-12	14	80	In it
19	Vasco da Gama	16	-13	12	78	In it
20	América Mineiro	16	-17	10	76	In it

Max.: the most points the team can still finish on.

Matchdays

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Quick answers

Who was top of the Brasileirão after matchday 16 of 2023?: Botafogo led the Brasileirão after matchday 16 of 2023. With 40 points, they were 10 ahead of Grêmio.
What was decided on matchday 16 of the 2023 Brasileirão?: Nothing was decided mathematically on this matchday.
How is this calculated?: A team is counted as still in it for a given target (the title, a top place, staying up) when at least one set of results for the matches left would get it there, taking into account that its rivals also play each other. It is counted as sure only when no set of results can take it away. Teams level on points are treated cautiously while matches remain: level is enough to stay in, never enough to be sure, because goal difference and the other tie-breaks are only applied once the season is over. Points deductions are included as published in the league table.